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8] Recursul la discurs, 22 no. 14] Oprea, Banalitatea raului, pp. Probate Cases. To access files and obtain photocopies of documents, researchers must obtain accreditation by petitioning the Council and the Ombudsman. The files compiled on the activity of other Romanians likely offer significantly different details, but the types of documents generally remain unchanged across files, although some files might have more and other files fewer documents of one particular type. After recruitment, information network members were continuously verified by the agent to ensure their loyalty (Articles 31-33). This is the official website of the U.S. Embassy in Romania. Date: 4/30 #1 Dangerous Drug . The 1987 Instructions included a standardized collaboration pledge Securitate agents had to use for future recruitment. Following a succession of mistakes make by the agents accompanying the truck load, the residents of the nearby village quickly discovered the site and rescuing the Securitate documents became their preferred pass-temps before being leaked to the media. If the victim was incarcerated, the file also contained interrogation memos. Supporting individuals monitored, pursued, harassed, investigated, spied and reported on individual citizens, in accordance with specific instructions received from the political police agent (Article 6). Whereas the Stasi archive was taken over by the so-called Gauck Agency (the Agency of the Federal Commissioner for Documents of the State Security Police of the former German Democratic Republic, often referred to by the name of its first head, former East German pastor Joachim Gauck) soon after the collapse of the communist regime of Erich Honecker and was made available to the public almost in its entirety (with many of the shredded files painstakingly reconstituted), the Securitate archive remains scattered across several state agencies, a large part of it is unavailable to the public, and many Romanians believe that since 1989 the archive in its entirety has been altered beyond recognition by unnamed individuals close to the country's successive governments. Until 1989, some 110,000 pages of manuscript were confiscated in surprise searches carried out in the homes of philosophers, writers, former political prisoners or ordinary citizens who confided their dissatisfaction with everyday life in Romania to personal diaries. Maricopa. NOTES: Internet Explorer 10 Users: Case details will not display properly unless you switch to Compatibility View. Each informer card specified the persons name, parents names, birth date and place, nationality, citizenship, political membership, education, occupation, known foreign languages, position and workplace, date of recruitment and name of recruiting officer, contact officer, conspiratorial name and category. 28] Pintilie, Constituirea arhivei Securitatii, pp. The card system included the names of all individuals the Securitate monitored, persons sentenced for crimes against state security, members of the inter-war fascist Iron Guard, members of the pre-communist political parties and their youth organizations, pre-communist state dignitaries, members of Parliament and government, prefects and deputy prefects, leaders and agents of the pre-communist civilian and military information services, pre-communist army officers with anticommunist activity, individuals who legally or illegally left Romania, persons known for their critical stance against Ceausescu and his family, the party, the ideology and the general situation in Romania, and foreign travelers to Romania whom Securitate pursued. 13-911, the petitioner would be allowed to state on employment, housing, and financial . It is almost certain that the order was not followed to the letter and some agents kept certain files for future reference. Search arrest records and find latests mugshots and bookings for Misdemeanors and Felonies. Information on Entering Romania via Land Border, U.S. Lavinia StanCenter for Post-Communist StudiesSt. In a series of recent articles, this author (2000, 2002 and 2004) detailed the political negotiations preceding the adoption of legislation that gave Romanians access to a limited number of Securitate files, the provisions of the so-called "Ticu law," and the factors explaining Romania's delayed transitional justice process. The reasons why citizens became victims of or decided to collaborate with the political police varied over the years. [28] This category included around 1,700 or 1,800 files not found in the Securitate archive immediately after December 1989, but identified as files that disappeared in a separate list. Of these 29,613 were Nazi sympathizers, 10,367 members of the inter-war Peasant and Liberal Parties, and 2,753 former political prisoners. Every ten minutes the sub-lieutenant opened the door, kicked me, ordering me to turn my face to the door. Its 267 employees set up a complete and user-friendly system identifying individuals pursued by the Securitate, and received, registered and classified the files opened for such individuals. Ambassador to Romania Kathleen Kavalec. Since then, only a tiny segment of the 12 kilometers of Securitate archive meeting that condition had been transferred to the National Council for the Study of Securitate Archives to become available to the public. The problem, they claim, lies not with the political police, but with the repressive, unjust, discriminatory and abusive communist legislation. Throughout April, undercover police . Residents were selected from among retired Securitate agents, informers or experienced supporting individuals, but not from those recruited through blackmail or with known anticommunist opinions, whose loyalty to the political police was hard to sustain (Article 7). 118-166, 207-209 and 228-232. 6-8. 22-25, and Big Brother Is Still Watching, Transition (26 May 1995), pp. For access to criminal and civil court documents in the Superior Court visit the eAccess portal . 14-18, and Dan Ionescu, Personnel Changes in the Romanian Intelligence Service, RFE/RL Research Report (8 July 1994), pp. Picture Booking # First Name Last Name Date of Birth Crime Type Booking Date {{item.bookingNumber}} The Bucharest warehouse I visited stored around 800 meters of archive the Romanian Information Service used to train archivists, included six vertical rows of carton boxes marked Operative Archive, and could be accessed only with two keys entrusted to two different persons. Informers were contacted by the agent or resident at least once a month, and were instructed on ways to pass urgent information to the political police between the meetings by way of conspiratorial addresses, hidden places, postal boxes or codes for sending data in writing or by phone (Article 27). Another service called usbirthcertificate.net can help you obtain or amend a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, in addition to obtaining a birth . Tanase was placed under surveillance shortly after the publication of his first novel The Luxury of Melancholy. The 1987 Instructions confirmed that the political police opened files for information network members, be they informers, residents, supporting individuals or hosts of meeting places. Details of inmate offenses can be accessed by reviewing the case file at the Office of the Clerk of the Court where the case was adjudicated. 35] Oprea, Banalitatea raului, pp. You are already toast. O istorie a Securitatii in documente 1949-1989 (Bucharest: Polirom, 2002), Marius Oprea, ed., Securistii partidului. More Info. 36] Tanase, Acasa se vorbeste in soapta, p. 71. File & Diary from the Late Dictatorship Period) became a bestseller in Romania, mostly for identifying Dan Oprescu, a well known and respected intellectual close to the pro-democratic political camp, as the zealous secret spy. 37, no. The operative or information collection (fondul operativ sau informativ) consisted of the victims operative surveillance files and the pre-communist information service archives. The victims file (which could include from one to as many as 19 different volumes) usually began with the report in which the officer explained to his superior why the person had to be placed under surveillance (to be worked), and not, as one might expect, with the denunciation that started off the surveillance process. The Major Crimes Division of the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office includes Homicide, Special Victims, Sex Offender Notification, Cyber Crimes, Arson, Animal Crimes, Jail . Copies of information notes were included in the files of the victims they referred to, so a good part of destroyed attached folders could be reconstituted. Crime rate relative to county average in Bucharest 2021, by district. Search Criteria For travel to the United States on a temporary basis, including tourism, temporary employment, study and exchange. In exceptional cases, the resident facilitated the relationship between informers and agents. I saw two civilians, a sub-lieutenantand a woman platoon commander. Lavinia Stan reviews the current state of scholarship on the Securitate and the state of former secret police's archives. (The system is unavailable Tuesday through Saturday from 3:00 am to 4:00 am.) These files were accompanied by attached folders (mapele anexa), where the informers original notes, the reports the agent drafted on the basis of the notes, the information obtained during meetings with the informer and the way it was used were collected (Article 39). If there is no criminal record, a report reflecting this fact is provided. Days earlier, Tanases neighbor was asked to confirm information the Securitate found out through the bugging system installed in the writers apartment. 3] Monitorul Oficial, partea a II-a (22 November 1990). U.S. Police Clearance Evidence of No Criminal Record in the U.S. For some readers the very existence of a trail of documents testifies to the fact that the political police was a law-abiding structure that sought to be productive, efficient, and correct. The 1960s witnessed a relative thaw when tens of thousands of political prisoners were allowed to come back home, but by 1971 Ceausescu had launched his cultural revolution and personality cult, followed by a massive crackdown on individual and organized active resistance. [26] Historian Marius Oprea believes that the information contained in these files and the identity of the informers drawn from party ranks could be reconstituted with the help of the Center for Information and Documentation computerized system and the separate lists the local Communist Party leaders dutifully compiled. Indeed, to recruit a party member as an informer the Securitate first needed to secure the approval of the local party leadership, which carefully kept track of such approvals by listing the candidates names and personal details in a well-guarded ledger. The pledge mentioned that the informer promised to offer relevant data but did not specify the names of the individuals spied upon, the recruitment method or the expected duration of the collaboration. The Instructions further detailed the stages of the recruitment process, which included 1) ranking, verifying and analyzing potential candidates, 2) selecting the candidate, 3) designing the recruitment plan, and 4) recruiting (Article 10). These documents also found their way in informer files. Former political prisoner Cezar Zugravu described four successive attempts to recruit him, and the agents' sweeping promises, which were too good to ever become reality. Set up in March 1990 through an unpublished presidential decree, the Information Service inherited the Securitate archive, buildings, assets and technical equipment, and a number of agents and informers. In 1998, Romanian Information Service deputy director Mircea Gheordunescu declared that by 1974 some 230,000 files and attached folders of party members had been destroyed. This process includes filling out a contact information sheet as well as a fingerprint card that will have . The second volume of Cartea Alba a Securitatii (The White Book of the Securitate) published political police documents pertaining to writers and artists and included such a report. Custodian of Records. In my collaboration with the Securitate organs I pledge to: actively seek information of interest for the Securitate and offer it in a timely fashion through pre-established channels of communication; to fight for finding the truth and strictly observing the law; firmly and actively prevent criminal actions; promptly prevent deeds threatening state security; show vigilance against the countrys enemies; offer information sincerely, objectively and correctly; not abuse the collaboration, not divulge its secrecy to anyone. Destinul generatiei noastre (Bucharest: Nemira, 2003), Dupa Temnita (Bucharest: Nemira, 2003) and Dupa revolutie (Bucharest: Nemira: 2003), Ion Ioanid, Inchisoarea noastra cea de toate zilele, 3 volumes (Bucharest: Humanitas, 1999), Iosif Colpas, Secvente din inchisorile comuniste (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2003), Florin Constantin Pavlovici, Tortura pe intelesul tuturor (Chisinau: Cartier, 2001), Paul Goma, Soldatul cainelui (Chisinau: Editura Flux, 2003), Culoarea curcubeului 77 (Chisinau: Editura Flux, 2003), Patimile dupa Pitesti (Bucharest: Cartea Romaneasca, 1990), Gherla (Bucharest: Humanitas, 1990), Virgil Ierunca, Fenomenul Pitesti (Bucharest: Humanitas, 1990) and Stelian Tanase, Anatomia mistificarii (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2003). For days, neighbors of the Arges Securitate archive reportedly could see the flames of open fires and smell the burning paper. [19], Case files (dosare de problema) gathered information on target groups, not individuals, the political police viewed as important or problematic from an intelligence viewpoint. If a charge is not displayed when you search the payment portal, please contact the court directly. 16] Stan, Spies, Files and Lies, p. 422. The Securitate confiscated and archived a number of manuscripts in an effort to stop their publication and distribution. [8] These decisions did not apply to documents on informers who were not party members, whose ties to the political police were not so well guarded. The 1987 top secret "Instructions on Setting Up and Using the Securitate Informer Network" explained the difference between these four categories. 45 (1998). [10], Pop musician and interpret Cezar Grigoriu became a target in 1960 for dating Constantina (Tanti') Gheorghiu, the youngest daughter of communist leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, who probably considered the musician an unworthy suitor. As such, many issues that in the case of the Stasi are certitudes remain at best crude estimates in the case of Securitate. made me think that John was sent to Romania in an exploratory mission under a cultural and humanitarian pretext.[39], Afterwards, Cristescu reported additional details on John and Tanase, and again voiced his worry that his work for the Securitate could be uncovered. [38], On 14 August, Cristescu commented on his meeting with Tanase and the young British journalist John, who wanted to meet with Romanian dissident writers. Although documents in archived files had to observe the chronological timeline, most files are organized differently. 478-492. In 1960, Colonel Alexoaie of the Barlad Securitate office told Zugravu: This work [as an informer] would be advantageous for you and your entire family. The Securitate was set up in 1948 by the communist regime as a Soviet-style secret political police entrusted with the task of eliminating opponents in order to consolidate power, ensuring compliance to the regime and its leader, as well as shaping public sentiment and gaining acceptance for public policies. Get Criminal Court Case Information: Case Information | Court Calendar | Minute Entries Availability: Due to auditing that occurs up to 24 hours after information is added to the docket, some entry modifications may occur. Realizing that his apartment had been bugged, Tanase took additional precautions to protect himself from the political police. Moreover, the general public and these researchers alike have seemingly worked with the implicit assumption that once the entire archive becomes publicly available many of Romania's transitional justice problems (chief among them being the identification of the victims and victimizers of communist repression and the nature of the crimes committed) will be solved. In 1998, writer Romulus Rusan quoted Pintilies statement to the Chamber of Deputies that the estimated total number of Securitate files lost during the December 1989 March 1990 period is 130,000, of which only a tiny number were recovered from those who retained them illegally.[29], There is evidence that in the early 1990s former Securitate officers working for the Information Service tried to destroy thousands of political police files and standardized forms in an ill-conceived operation that was eventually revealed to the press. Romanian Governmental Decree No. At the time when the Securitate signed its own death certificate in late 1989, it left behind a wealth of material detailing life under communism. Can you access the Maricopa County warrant list and arrest records over the phone? Of the total, 6,602 worked in Bucharest, 6,059 in local branches, 225 in training schools, and 2,426 in special units. Again I was brought to the cell. Some agents worked in counterintelligence, but the majority of political police officers were engaged in domestic repression and surveillance. For example, on 17 October 1988 the economic deputy director of the Constantin Tanase Theatre in Bucharest, Corneliu Popa, delivered a note describing the cocktail reception organized by the cultural attach of the French Embassy to Bucharest in honor of a visiting French jazz group. [37] In his note of 13 April 1989 Cristescu alerted agents that Tanase believed he was followed and his phone calls were intercepted, and described in detail the devices and strategies his friend used to mislead the Securitate. Animated by the desire to bring my contribution to defending our peoples revolutionary accomplishments, I will do everything needed to translate this pledge into reality, understanding fully the negative consequences that the failure to fulfill it could bring to our state security.[35]. In these cases, and when the meeting had to be kept short, the officer wrote down the information that interested him and later prepared a summary of the information received orally, selecting it and commenting on it according to his own training, interests and ideological position. The attached folders, which reportedly were no longer microfiched, were to be destroyed five years after an informer file entered the archive. Among the case files the National Council received from the Information Service were the files on "Arts and Culture" (detailing the activities and political positions of writers and artists, 78 volumes of 26,972 pages), "Bourgeois Political Parties" (on the inter-war Liberal and Peasant Parties, 177 volumes), "Anticommunist Resistance Movement" (on the resistance groups that remained active in mountainous areas during the first decade of communism, 300 volumes), "Eterul" and "Melita" (code names for the Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 55 volumes), Central Press (19 volumes), Religious Cults and Sects (on religious life under communism, 56 volumes), Transcendental Meditation (on the 1980s spiritual movement, 4 volumes), and Cooperativization of Agriculture (on the transformation of pre-communist private farms into large cooperatives, 31 volumes).[21]. Per page 1; 2; 3 > Clarence Beacham. 6-8, C. Troncota, Istoria Securitatii regimului communist din Romania, 1948-1964 (Bucharest: Institutul National pentru Studiul Totalitarismului, 2003), pp. Non-chronologically ordered files are generally harder to read and understand. 1-2 (2000), p. 16. 3 (2004), pp. [7] While occasionally engaged in counter-terrorist actions, the investigation of economic crime and the protection of national state security, the Securitate remained a political police whose primary role was to quash dissent and opposition to the country's communist leaders, ideology and policies. back . The Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court is not responsible for the content of external sites. Registrations are processed in our office located in the Maricopa County Superior Court. I am the author of Leaders and Laggards: Governance, Civicness and Ethnicity in Post-Communist Romania (Boulder: East European Monographs, 2003), and the editor of Romania in Transition (Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1997). Agents and residents met with informers secretly in pre-designated meeting places or other secure areas (Articles 28-29). albany county police blotter 2021, bentley williams wife, accident on 152 los banos, ca today,